Astrophysicists have discovered gamma-ray anomalies at the Sun's poles

Recent research by astronomers using NASA's Fermi telescope has discovered surprising changes in the sun's gamma-ray emissions that are challenging our current understanding of how our star works.

For nearly a decade, from 2008 to 2017, scientists observed how the gamma radiation emitted by the Sun changes over time, allowing us to better understand our star's interactions with its surroundings and the relationship with its constantly changing "magnetic engine."

Analysis of data from the Fermi telescope showed that the Sun's poles emitted gamma rays throughout the solar cycle. Surprisingly, gamma-ray emissions from the solar equator varied significantly over this time, dominating at the poles during the 2009 solar minimum before decreasing significantly for the rest of the cycle.

Scientists also spotted nine photons with energies exceeding 100 GeV coming from the equator, which was the first discovery of such high-energy gamma rays from the Sun.

This discovery sheds light on the incredibly complex processes taking place in our star, combining plasma physics, magnetic field behavior and interactions with cosmic rays. However, despite advanced research and new data, many questions remain unanswered, and scientists continue observations in hopes of solving these puzzles.

Of particular interest is how gamma-ray emissions correlate with other phenomena, such as explosive solar eruptions, which may provide further clues into the mysterious mechanisms that govern our star​​.

Based on scientific analysis and observations, this discovery opens new areas of research into how the Sun works and its impact on surrounding space, while highlighting how much we still have to learn about our nearest star.