Examples of what could destroy life in its present state or permanently limit its potential have been the subject of much debate for decades. There are several dozen possible "ends of the world", but among all the proposals, a few are particularly destructive.
The "ends of the world" can include both the transformation by hostile artificial intelligence of all the matter available to it, including the atoms of the bodies of all beings in the "computronium", i.e. physical resources arranged in an optimal manner in terms of making calculations only to use these resources to decide the truthfulness of some mathematical hypothesis, such as the Riemann hypothesis.
In addition, there is a risk of so-called "Gray goo", a situation in which nanoscale devices begin to transform the entire biosphere available to them into their own copies. Traditionally, such an "obvious" variant as nuclear war cannot be ignored. However, one important thing should be noted. It takes 20,500 nuclear warheads of 33.5 megatons each or 16,000 of 58 megatons to speak of the destruction of all land on Earth.
A truly apocalyptic pandemic would die of the deadly virus of a combination of Ebolapox, rabies, HIV / AIDS, influenza, botulinum toxin, and cobra venom. There are also possible hyperkans blowing at 800 km / h, which, however, are nothing compared to the speed of the winds emanating from the quasars. They have a speed of over 200 million km / h. The eruption of the Yellowstone supervolcano is expected to kill 5 billion people in the long term.
However, scientists from the University of Utah have conducted a study of rocks beneath the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, which shows that a volcanic cone will form beneath the Samoa Islands, the walls of which will stretch from Australia and Indonesia in the west to the coast of South America in the east. It will be a supervolcano many times larger than the one located under Yellowstone National Park. Its eruption will not only create a gigantic tsunami, several kilometers high but will also fill the Earth's atmosphere with gases and ashes that will obscure the sun for a long time and poison the soil and drinking water intakes. There are at least 10 most powerful supervolcanoes on our planet (VEI 8), which can erupt at any moment and seriously disrupt our plans.
If the average temperature of the globe's surface due to the Sun reaches 147 ° C, life will be completely extinct. Before the earth is burned up, its outer core will solidify within 2.3 billion years. Without the liquid outer core, the Earth's magnetic field will disappear, which in practice means depriving it of solar radiation protection. If the planet has not been depleted by temperature by then, the radiation will do the job. In all event options that may happen to the Earth, we must also take into account the death of the Sun. The process of our star dying will begin in about 5 billion years. In nearly 5.4 billion years, it will begin to transform into a red giant.
The sun will enter a sub-giant phase and will slowly double in size over the course of about half a billion years. Over the next half a billion years it will expand faster until it is about 200 times larger than it is now (in diameter) and several thousand times brighter. In nearly 9 billion years, the Sun will run out of helium fuel supplies, thanks to which it currently shines. It will then thicken and reduce its size to the size of the Earth, turning white - so it will turn into a white dwarf. Then the energy that it provides us today will run out. The ground will be covered with ice. If the passage of a large object knocks the Earth out of its orbit and directs it on a collision course with the Sun, our star will swallow our planet within 60 days. In about 3.5 billion years, our galaxy will collide with the Andromeda Galaxy. While we do not know exactly when it will occur, it is fairly predictable that long before we are hit by asteroids and the supervolcanoes will result in year-round sunless winters.
Perhaps humanity's IQ level will begin to drop so significantly that, as a result of literally increasing stupidity, we will do something that will cause us to end much earlier. There are also groups, such as the anti-natalists, for whom it would be a dream come true if all of humanity were to commit suicide at the same time.
It all sounds, of course, quite scary, but among the proposals for "super-annihilation" there are those that make a much greater "impression". I will present them reflecting the power of the destructive force in comparison to other phenomena. What if the Earth became a victim of such enormous cosmic elements?
Supernova explosion:
The outbreak of supernova T Pyxidis will have a power of 345 quadrillion nuclear warheads with a power of 58 megatons. Needless to say, what it would mean for a planet to exist in a near (as on a cosmic scale) presence from such an object.
Huge gamma-ray burst near:
The long gamma-ray burst is approximately the power of 10 trillion atomic bombs.
Galactic Core Explosion:
A galactic core explosion has the power of hundreds of millions of supernovae.
Black Hole Explosion:
The MS 0735 black hole explosion generated the power of hundreds of millions of gamma bursts. We may also fall victim to a supermassive black hole wandering around the cosmos consuming anything that gets in its way, or the victims of a collision of two or more supermassive black holes.
A catastrophe on the scale of the entire universe:
How will our universe disappear in billions of years? We have five prime suspects: Big Chill, Big Crush, Big Rip, Big Crack, and Death Bubbles. The Great Chill will come as our universe expands forever, transforming over time into cold, dark, and ultimately dead space. The Big Crush will take place when the cosmic expansion is finally reversed and everything is focused back together as a result of the Big Bang reverse process. The Great Rip is similar to the Great Cold - galaxies, planets, and even atoms will be torn apart in the grand finale that will take place in a finite time from now on. Great Chill, Great Crush or Great Rip depend on whether the dark energy density will not change, decrease to a negative density, or increase to higher values, respectively. Since we still have no idea what dark energy is, you can bet 40 percent on the Big Cold, 9 percent on the Big Crush, and 1 percent on the Big Rip.
Break up the false vacuum and turn it into a bubble of true void:
There is a risk that the cosmic vacuum that surrounds us is not the state of the least energy. In other words, it is a false vacuum. If the vacuum of our universe is in a metastable state, then some "shock" may cause the so-called phase transition. It will look like that, starting from the site of the shock, the false vacuum will begin to change at the speed of light into a true vacuum, i.e. to a lower energy state. Should such a thing happen somewhere in space, the bubble of true void spreading will eventually catch us and destroy us in an instant, without any warning. Perhaps, after all, such a bubble is already approaching us. This means the complete destruction of space-time.
The Destruction of the Egg of Shakti:
Hindu cosmology assumes that at some point in the future all universes may be destroyed at once. The collection of universes in this cosmology begins with the so-called Brahma eggs. There are infinitely many of them. They are located in the so-called Eggs Prakriti. There are also an infinite number of such Eggs. Practice Eggs are located in the so-called Jaju Maji .. Above the Egg of Maji is the Egg of Shakti. The Egg of Maji, though unimaginably large, is housed in one tiny corner of the Egg of Shakti. The entire Maji kingdom, consisting of the innumerable eggs of Prakriti and the innumerable eggs of Brahma, is contained in the smallest scrap of one Shakti Egg. And someday all these cosmos are to be destroyed at the same time.
Exclusion of mathematical simulations of universes, taking into account mathematical structures resulting from the Cantor paradox, Russell paradox, Burale-Forti paradox, and Gödel non-contradiction theorem:
This is the most radical "end of everything" possible. Two assumptions are needed in this case:
1. Virtually all structures found in mathematics also exist in physics. Mathematical structures do not describe the universe but are universes themselves. This means that there must be universes that are structures derived from the Cantor, Russell, Burale-Forti paradoxes, and Gödel's non-contradiction theorem, which, in short, state that there is an infinite hierarchy of infinity.
2. It must also be assumed that all these mathematical universes can be simulated in some hyper computer.
If there were such a simulation of all possible mathematical-physical universes, its exclusion would mean the destruction of the greatest number of entities that can be imagined based on our logic.
The second law of thermodynamics assumes that all phenomena in the universe tend to increase in disorder and chaos, or entropy. So no matter what hits us, we have to assume that the end must come, because that's the nature of… nature.
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